# Two of the Middle East’s most powerful countries are facing off in Yemen
What happened
Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, two influential countries in the Middle East, are currently in a standoff in Yemen. This development comes a decade after they initially joined forces to limit Iran's influence in the region.
Key facts
- Saudi Arabia and the UAE were previously allies in a joint military campaign in Yemen.
- The original goal of their alliance was to curb Iran's influence in the region.
- The two countries are now pitted against each other in Yemen.
Background & context
The conflict in Yemen has been a focal point of Middle Eastern geopolitics for several years. Initially, Saudi Arabia and the UAE collaborated to counteract Iran's growing influence in Yemen, which they viewed as a threat to regional stability. This collaboration was part of a broader coalition effort. However, shifting alliances and interests have led to a divergence in their strategies and objectives in Yemen. Yemen's strategic location at the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula, bordering major shipping routes, has made it a significant point of interest for regional powers. The internal conflict in Yemen, which began in earnest in 2014, has drawn in various international actors, each with their own agendas. The Saudi-led coalition, which included the UAE, was primarily concerned with the Houthi movement, which they perceived as being supported by Iran. Over time, however, the UAE's focus shifted towards securing its own interests in southern Yemen, leading to tensions with Saudi Arabia.
Why it matters (for US readers)
The situation in Yemen is significant for US readers because it involves key US allies in the Middle East. The conflict has broader implications for regional stability and international relations, potentially affecting global oil markets and security dynamics. Understanding the evolving alliances and conflicts in this region is crucial for comprehending the geopolitical landscape that influences US foreign policy. The US has historically maintained strong ties with both Saudi Arabia and the UAE, viewing them as pivotal partners in counterterrorism efforts and as counterweights to Iranian influence. The divergence between these two allies in Yemen could complicate US diplomatic efforts in the region, as it may need to navigate between competing interests. Additionally, the humanitarian crisis in Yemen, one of the worst in recent history, continues to draw international concern, with calls for increased humanitarian aid and diplomatic solutions.
Stakeholders & viewpoints
- Saudi Arabia: Initially aimed to reduce Iranian influence in Yemen, now finds itself in opposition to its former ally, the UAE. Saudi Arabia's interests in Yemen are tied to its national security concerns and its desire to maintain influence over its southern neighbor.
- United Arab Emirates: Once aligned with Saudi Arabia, the UAE's current stance in Yemen reflects changing regional dynamics. The UAE has focused on securing its interests in southern Yemen, including control over key ports and supporting local factions that align with its strategic goals.
- Iran: Although not directly mentioned in the current conflict, Iran's influence in Yemen was a primary concern for the original Saudi-UAE alliance. Iran's support for the Houthi movement has been a point of contention, contributing to the broader regional rivalry between Iran and Saudi Arabia.
Timeline & what to watch next
- 2015: Saudi Arabia and the UAE launch a joint military campaign in Yemen. This marked the beginning of a significant intervention aimed at restoring the internationally recognized Yemeni government and countering the Houthi movement.
- 2026: Reports emerge of Saudi Arabia and the UAE facing off in Yemen. This development highlights the changing dynamics and the potential for further shifts in alliances.
- Future developments: Monitor changes in alliances and any shifts in military or diplomatic strategies by the involved countries. The evolving situation in Yemen will likely continue to impact regional stability and could influence broader geopolitical trends, including US foreign policy and international energy markets.
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